Steam-turbine.



H. B. WALDA.

STEAM TURBINE. 7

APPLICATION FILED MAY 18, 1910.

Patented Dec. 24, 1912.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

HENRY B. WALDA, OF FORT WAYNE, INDIANA.

. STEAM-TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. I Patflted Dec. 24, 1912.

Application filed May 18, 1910. SerialNo. 562,025.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY B. VVALDA, a

' ,citizenof the United States of America,an d

resident of Fort \Vayne, in the 'countyof 5 Allen and State of Indiana,have invented certain new and usefulv Improvements in Steam-Turbines, ofwhich thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to'improvements in steam turbines, andthe objectthereof is to provide an engine of its class that is of simpleconstruction; that will utilize the force of steam bypassing it throughamultiple series of concentricallyarranged vane openings successively,and [in which the vanes will be shieldedfrom injury'through improperadjustment or careless handling.

The object of this invention is. accomplished by the constructionillustrated inthe accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1. is a horizontal central section showing the interior of theengine; Fig. 2. is a diagram section through the vanes ofthe innorseries and the corresponding nozzle openings; Fig.3. is a similardiagram showing 1 the vanes of the intermediate series andcorresponding. nozzle openings; Fig. 1. is also a similardiagramshowingthe vanes of the outer series and corresponding nozzle open- 30ings; and Fig. 5. is a vertical section'of the housing, and showing theinterior parts,

some of which are showncut away and in section, the section through thehouslng being approximately onthe line XX of Fig. 1.

Similar numerals f of reference indicate corresponding parts throughoutthe several I views, and referring now to the same+ 1 is a cylindricalhousing, and 2* and 3 are heads which are secured respectively to theopposite ends of the housing and inclos ing the same. Centrally in eachhead is a I I bearing 4, and the driving shaft 5 extends throughthecylinderand "is supported in said bearings. The housing-has at itsbottom a discharge opening 6. The turbine consists of a disk 7 mountedin'fixed relation with the shaft 5, and having numerous vane openings 8,9, andlOarranged respectively in corresponding concentric ser'iesaboutthe axial center of the'shaft. Thevanes 8, 9, and l0are constituted ofthose portions of the body of the disk that extend respectively betweenthe corresponding va11e open-- 5 ings 8, 9, and 10, andeach arecurved lnsecin the several diagrams. Upon the inner tion in line with theirmovement as shown face of the head 2'issecured an annular nozzle plate11 by means of bolts 12, and an annular flange 13 extends from the outeredge of said plate. Inthe plate 11 are made nozzle openings 8, 9", and10, each arranged in concentric series and oo rresponding with the"respective series of vane openings 8, 9, and 10 in the disk 7. In theinner face of the head 2 are made annular recesses Hand 15 respectively,the former of which registers with the inner series of nozzle openings 8in the plate 11, and the outer recess 15 registers with both theintermediate series of nozzle openings 9'. and the outer series 10" soas to afford communication for steam from one to the other. Asecond'nozzle plate 16 fits within the flange 13 of the other plate 11,and the disk 7 extends between. said plates and is incased thereby. Theplate has also nozzle openings 8 9 and 10 arrangedrespectivelyinconcentric series that correspond with the vane openings8, 9, and 10 in the disk 7 and register therewith. Upon the-side of theplate 16 opposite the disk 7 issecured a cap 17 having an annular recess18 that registers with both the inner series of nozzle openings 8 andthe outerseries9 so as to afiordcommunication for steam from one to theother. i

An adjusting plate 19 is arranged next the inner face oft-he head 3 andis adapted to be adj ustably turned upon the. innerfprojection 21 of thebearing 4, an adjusting screw 22and connection 23 being provided forthat purpose. The plate 19'has several wedges 20 arranged upon its innerface, and correspondingoppositely disposed wedges2 1 on the back ofcap17 rest against thefo-rmer wedges. The rods 25 are fixed in relationwith'fthe. cap 17 and extend through the head 3 so as to be secured bycorresponding nuts 26. turning by the rods 25, but may be adjustablymoved toward or from the disk 7 by turning the plate 19 so as toshift the wedges 20 relativeto, the other wedges 24c. Slots 27 extendthrough the plate 19 and wedges 20 respectively at pointswhere the rods25 pass, and are togpermit of the turning movement of the adjustingplate. After the desired adjustment has been made, the plate 16 isheld'in place by tightening the nuts 26. Feed openings 28 are providedin the head 2 through which steam is introduced into the recess 14, andthese are intended for connection with any suitable source of steamunder pressure.

A feature of this invention is shown in the diagrams, in which thenozzle openings in the plates 11 and 16 are in each series somewhat morenumerous than the v'ane openings of the corresponding series, and arespaced so that while communication is established through one nozzleopening and the adjacent vane opening and opposite nozzle opening,another of the vane openings in the same series will be closed by thoseportions of the opposite plates that extend between the adjacent nozzleopenings, and the vane openings that intervene between those abovementioned will be in a more or less perfect state of alinement with theadjacent nozzle openings of the opposite plates. Thus, there will be apassage of steam through some of the vane openings 01' each series atall times during the operation of the turbine.

In the operation of this invention, steam is nozzle openings 8 into therecess 18 of the cap 17 and with the effect of imparting to the disk arotary movement in the direction in which the vanes are curved. From therecess 18 the steam passes through the nozzle openings 9*, vane openings9, and nozzle openings 9 into the recess 15 with similar effect indriving the disk. From the recess 15 the steam passes through the nozzleopenings 10, vane openings 10, and nozzle openings 10 and exhausts intothe housing from whence it is finally expelled through the dischargeopening 6. During the transition of steam through the various series ofvane openings the process of expansion takes place and hence acorresponding reduction of pressure of steam as it passes from oneseries to another. The number of vanes, however, in the intermediateseries is greater than those of the inner series, and the vanes of theouter series are more numerous than those of the intermediate series.Consequently, the number of vanes increase successively outward witheach series, so that the eflect of the body of steam in driving the diskis maintained more or less perfectly in its several stages of expansion.

I have shown nozzle openings and vanes arranged in three correspondingseries as an example of the invention. However, there may be one or moreseries added, or there may be less than those shown, without departurefrom the invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1. In a steam turbine, a housing having heads inclosing the same; ashaft extending through the housing; a disk fixed on the shaft withinthe housing and having numerous vane openings arranged in concentricseries; a plate secured to one of said heads and having nozzle openingsarranged in concentric series corresponding with the vane openings insaid disk, said head having an annular recess corresponding with theinnermost series of nozzle openings, and a feed opening through the headleading into said recess, and another annular recess cor responding withthe two outermost series of nozzle openings and affording communicationfor the passage of steam from one to the other; another plate suitablymounted and extending adjacent the disk upon the side thereof oppositeto that of the former plate, and having nozzle openings arranged inconcentric series corresponding with said vane openings; and a capsecured to the latter plate and having an annular recess correspondingwith the two innermost series of nozzle openings and affordingcommunication for the passage of steam from one to the other.

2. In a steam turbine, a housing having leads inclosing the same; ashaft extending through the housing; a disk fixed upon the shaft andhaving numerous vane openings arranged in concentric series; plates uponeither side of the disk, having nozzle openings therein arranged inconcentric series correspondingly with the several series of vaneopenings in the disk, one of said plates having a flange that extendsover the outer perimeter of the disk and also of the opposite plate; andmeans to direct steam through said vane openings and correspondingnozzle openings, successively from one series to the adjacent series.

3. In a steam turbine, a housing; a revoluble disk having vane openings;two plates each having nozzle openings corresponding with the vaneopenings in the disk, one of said plates being adjustably movable; anadjusting plate with means in connection therewith to adjustablyoscillate the same; and two sets of wedges, one set being oppositelydisposed to the other, the one set being secured to the adjusting plateand the other having connection with the movable nozzle plate.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY B. WALDA. Witnesses V. M. BURNS, W. G. BURNS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

